Index modulation (IM) in orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) systems represents a transformative approach in modern communications. This technique utilises the indices of active ...

Announcing a new publication from Opto-Electronic Advances; DOI 10.29026/oea.2026.250229. Programmable metasurface (PM), also termed as reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS), have emerged as a ...

FIG. 1 (a) Functional diagram and (b) Structure diagram of the device. Vortex beams with helical phase wavefronts can carry orbital angular momentum (OAM) and have promising applications in ...

Pulse density modulation (PDM) is a compact digital audio format used in devices like MEMS microphones and embedded systems. This compact primer eases you into the essentials of PDM audio. Let’s begin ...