Abstract: This paper presents a current control method for six-step operation of an IPMSM using only a single current sensor. Although various control strategies have been investigated for six-step ...

Abstract: A conventional model predictive current control (MPCC) scheme for an induction motor (IM) drive performs as an effective controller at dynamic and steady-state conditions. However, the ...

This project implements a cost-effective intruder detection system using an Arduino Nano and IR sensor. The system detects unauthorized motion within a 2-30 cm range and triggers immediate audible ...

Disclaimer: An earlier version of this article suggested that railroad ties could work well in Wyoming gardens due to their strength and durability. Thanks to a reader’s helpful feedback, we’ve since ...

For over 125 years, the name Lionel has been synonymous with toy trains. The storied American manufacturer, founded in New York City, has changed hands more than a few times over the years. As Round 2 ...

Adam Hayes, Ph.D., CFA, is a financial writer with 15+ years Wall Street experience as a derivatives trader. Besides his extensive derivative trading expertise, Adam is an expert in economics and ...

IR35 and Control: what's key for contractors? Control will remain one of the most important tests when deciding IR35 status in 2026/27. Recent IR35 cases have reaffirmed that it is the "right" of ...